5. Cooling systems, heating
Specifications
General parameters
|
The maximum admissible pressure in system, bar |
1.4 |
Thermostat
|
Opening temperature |
°C |
|
Beginning of opening |
|
|
• Models with RKPP |
89 |
|
• Models with AT |
83 |
|
Full opening |
99 |
|
Temperature of operation of a thermoswitch |
118 °C |
|
Pressure of opening of the valve of a cover of a radiator, bar |
1.4 |
Efforts of tightening of threaded connections, Nanometer
|
Bolts of fastening of the water pump |
15 |
|
Sensors switches |
18 |
General information and precautionary measures
General information
On all models of cars of the considered brand the cooling system of the closed type working under pressure is used. Are a part of system the water pump which drive is carried out from a gas-distributing belt, a radiator of a cross and line design (on some models with the built-in broad tank), the electric fan(s), the thermostat, and also a set of connecting hoses and sensors switches.
Cold cooling liquid from a radiator on the lower hose comes to the water pump which provides giving it in galleries of the block and a head of cylinders (and also in the heat exchanger of a heater of salon), and, - at the corresponding complete set, - to the oil cooler(s). After selection of heat from the surfaces of cylinders, combustion chambers and saddles of valves, cooling liquid reaches the lower part of the thermostat which in an initial state is closed. Further, cooling liquid passes through the heater heat exchanger then, via the block of cylinders, comes back to the water pump.
Until the engine got warm up to some certain temperature, cooling liquid continues to circulate on a short contour, passing through a block/head of cylinders and the heat exchanger of a heater. As soon as temperature of the engine reaches some established value, there is an opening of the thermostat therefore the radiator is connected to a contour of circulation of liquid. In a radiator there is a convective return of heat from liquid to the running air stream which efficiency is defined by the developed area of edges of the heat exchanger of a radiator and speed of the running stream. It is in case of need provided additional having blown in a radiator due to turning on of the electric fan(s) of the cooling system. Leaving a radiator, the cooled liquid repeats the running cycle.
When temperature of the engine reaches normal working value, excess of cooling liquid, образовывающийся due to its thermal expansion, is forced out in a broad tank, from where, in process of cooling, comes back to the working highway of system.
On models with AT a part of the cooling liquid which is coming out the lower hose of a radiator is passed through ATF cooler established on transmission. On the models equipped with the oil cooler, liquid is passed as well via the heat exchanger of the last.
The electric fan(s) which functioning the thermosensitive sensor switch of the cooling system operates is installed ahead of a radiator. As soon as temperature of cooling liquid reaches some established value, there is a turning on of the fan therefore having blown in the heat exchanger of a radiator increases that leads to increase in efficiency of a thermolysis.
Function charts of several types of contours of the cooling system of the considered models of engines installed on cars are given in illustrations.
Contour of the cooling system of petrol XU7, XU5, XU10 J2 and XU10 J4 engines of models with RKPP (with the broad tank which is built in a radiator)
Contour of the cooling system of petrol XU10 J2 engines of models with AT (with a separate broad tank)
It is used also on XU7 and XU10 J2 engines of models from RKPP equipped with system of climate control.
Contour of the cooling system of petrol XU10 J4 engines (16 valves) of models with RKPP (with the broad tank which is built in a radiator)
Contour of the cooling system of diesel engines with the broad tank which is built in a radiator
Contour of the cooling system of diesel engines with a separate broad tank
Precautionary measures
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In order to avoid a scalding, do not uncover a broad tank at all and do not disconnect any components of a cooling path at the hot engine. If there is a need for removal of a cover of a broad tank before full cooling of cooling liquid, (though such situations should be avoided whenever possible), it is necessary to dump previously excessive pressure in system. Wrap up a tank cover a thick layer of rags, then slowly turn off before hissing. When the hissing indicating release of steam stops, slowly turn off a cover up to the end. If at the last stage of an otvorachivaniye hissing is not resumed, can be uncovered. In the course of implementation of all procedure do not incline the person over a tank mouth, for protection of hands put on rubber gloves. |
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Try to avoid hit of antifreeze on open sites of skin and a paint and varnish covering of body panels. Casual splashes should be washed away immediately plentiful amount of clear water. Do not leave the merged from the engine or fresh cooling liquid stored in an open container at all. At once collect the spilled liquid by rags. Remember that the sweetish smell of antifreeze is capable to draw attention of children and animals. Hit even of insignificant amount of cooling liquid in a digestive tract of a live organism is fraught with the most serious consequences, up to a lethal outcome. |
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Remember that at the hot engine the fan of the cooling system continues to function even after switching off of ignition! Protect hands, try not to allow hits of edges of clothes in contact with blades of a krylchatka. |
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Precautionary measures for the models equipped with the air conditioning system are listed in the section Air conditioning system - the general information and precautionary measures. |